I often receive customers asking about the weather in Taiwan. Here I would like to share with you a brief idea of the climate of the island.
Quick Facts
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Temperature | - Annual average: 24°C (South), 22°C (North) - Warmest: July (average 27°C) - Coolest: February (15°C North, 19°C South) - Temperature decreases in higher altitudes. |
| Winter | - Short, mild, rarely below 10°C at sea level - Ideal for cycling - Few days exceed 30°C in late autumn to early spring |
| Summer | - Hot, especially at noon (risk of heat stroke) - Best to start cycling early in the morning, before sunrise |
| Precipitation | - Annual average: 6,700mm - Mostly brought by typhoons - More rain in mountains, east coast, and windward sides - Winter: North drizzly, South dry - Summer: South rains more, with 1–2 hr thunderstorms - 3.5 typhoons/year (June–October) |
| Sunshine | - Summer: 5:00–18:45 - Winter: 6:30–17:00 - Navigation can be tricky when it gets dark - Use sunblock even on cloudy days |
| Wind | - October–April: Strong northeast monsoons - Hengchun Peninsula: Beware of downhill winds - May–September: Southwestern monsoon, lighter winds |
Information source: http://twgeog.ntnugeog.org/en/climatology/
Weather in Taiwan During Cycling Seasons
Since most people visit Taiwan for cycling between September and April, here is detailed description of the weather based on data from the Central Weather Administration (1991-2020) and my personal experience in Taiwan.
Temperature
The entire island remains hot in September. Data from 1991-2020 indicates around 20 days with maximum temperature exceeding 30℃ (hereafter referred to as “hot days”), except in higher-altitude areas like Sun Moon Lake, which only experiences 2 hot days. Locals refer to this lingering heat as the “Autumn Tiger” – the heat bikes.
In October, the northern part of the island cools significantly, with about 6 hot days. However, the south remains warm, feeling like summer with 12-20 hot days.
As the winter sets in during November, hot days become rare, lasting until April when the southern region sees around 12 hot days, and the northern region fewer than 10. The average temperature across the island ranges from 16℃ to 25℃, except in high-altitude areas.
Precipitation
Typhoons may still affect Taiwan in September and October, bringing heavy rains that could disrupt travel plans. If you’re visiting during this period, keep an eye on Pacific typhoon activity.
From November to April, Taipei experiences 12 -15 rainy days per month (defined as days with over 0.1mm of precipitation). Most of these are light drizzles caused by prevailing northeast winds, making cycling still manageable due to the mild temperatures.
Cycling southward from Taipei on an anti-clockwise route, the likelihood of rain decreases. Cities like Hsinchu, Taichung, and southern regions on the west coast have 3-9 rainy days per month, depending on the location. On the east coast, rainfall increases as it’s the windward side of the mountains. Dawu and Taitung see around 10 rainy days monthly. Further north, Su’ao and Yilan experience 18-20 wet days. So, you are cycling back to the wet zone as you head north. Prepare for wet conditions on the way back to Taipei.
Wind
Wind is a crucial factor when planning a cycling itinerary.
Using the Bike Calculator, a cyclist weighing 70 km requires 70 watts of power to maintain a speed of 20km/h on a flat road. It takes 5 hours to cover a 100 km ride.However, with a 5m/s (18km/h) headwind, the speed drops to 11.7km/h, extending a 100 km ride to 8.5 hours. Conversely, a 5 m/s tailwind boosts speed to 30 km/h, reducing travel time to 3.33 hours.
Average wind speeds in Taiwan range from 2m/s to 6m/s, but during the northeast wind season, speeds often exceed 5m/s. Following our anti-clockwise Classic 9-Day Cycling Around Taiwan Itinerary, you’ll benefit from tailwinds on the west side of the island by travelling southwards. As the west is more populous, you may follow the routes on this post – Speed Up on the West Coast to avoid the traffic lights for thrilling speed rides.
As you climb over Shouka and descend to the east coast, headwinds become challenging. Day 5 (Pingtung County to Taitung County) is particularly tough during the northeast wind season. After climbing a 500-metre hill, you will find yourself cycling along cliffs exposed to the Pacific Ocean, with endless, unobstructed fresh headwinds blowing in your face. Splitting this stretch into two days is advisable, as it not online allows riders more time to combat the wind but also to savour the scenic beauty.
In Taitung, the Rift Valley provides some wind protection, with the southern section being the most picturesque. It is preferable to stay there. But if you had not enough of the sea, consider switching to Provincial Highway 11 on Provincial Highway 30 from Yuli, on 花64 (Ruigang Industrial Road) Ruisui or on Provincial Highway 11甲 (11A) Guangfu. “ 花64 or Ruigang Industrial Road from Ruisui to Fengbin is the most interesting route, Provincial Highway 30 from Yuili to Ningpu is the 2nd best and Provincial Highway 11A or 11甲 is good for a passage” said, Eddie Chen, the cyclist Youtuber.
Upon reaching Yilan, prevailing winds continue to push aghast us. However, cycling anti-clockwise means you’ll avoid the harsher headwinds of the west side, according to Eddie Chen’s experience. After turning northwest at Sandiaojiao, we’ll once again have a tailwind to propel us back to Taipei, completing the loop.
Tips for Cycling in Taiwan During Summer
While summer in Taiwan is often considered too hot for cycling, some enthusiasts still complete the loop. Here are some tips if you plan to ride during this season:
Hand-pick Your Routes
Choose shaded routes to escape the sun. Temperatures are cooler at higher altitudes, with areas like Sun Moon lake and Alishan rarely experiencing days over 30°C in July and August. If you like climbing, you may stay in the mountains by following the routes in these two posts – Slit the Sweet Potato – Cycle Through Taiwan’s Mountainous Splendor, part 1 and part 2.
Recommended Daily Schedules
Start early, before sunrise, to avoid the heat. Take long lunch breaks or schedule indoor activities during midday. Frequent stop at air-conditioned convenience stores can help you cool down.
Stay Hydrated
Drink water or electrolyte drinks regularly to combat dehydration caused by heat and humidity. Ice, available at convenience stores at the same price of a bottled water, can help keep your drinks cool.
Wear Appropriate Clothing
Wear lightweight, breathable, and UV-protective clothing such as Lycra or polyester. These materials wick sweat away, keeping you cool while protecting your skin from sunburn. Avoid cotton, which traps moisture and increases discomfort.
Sunscreen is a Must
Apply sunscreen 20-30 minutes before heading out and reapply every two hours. Use SPF lip balm and wear a tube scarf to shield your lips and neck.
Beware of Heat Exhaustion
Be alert for signs of heat exhaustion, including cool moist skin, heavy sweating, dizziness, or fatigue. If symptoms occur, stop cycling, rest in a cool place, and hydrate. Seek medical attention if necessary.
Conclusion
Cycling in Taiwan offers an unparalleled experience for riders, blending scenic landscapes with diverse weather conditions. Whether you’re navigating the autumn heat, cruising with tailwinds in winter, or tackling summer challenges, careful planning ensures a memorable journey. Embrace the unique beauty of Taiwan’s seasons and discover the joy of cycling through its captivating landscapes.